AuthBench

AuthBench is a multilingual benchmark for authorship representation across languages, genres, and document lengths. It supports:

• authorship attribution as open-world same-author retrieval
• authorship verification as same-author binary decision

This Hub export contains the full mixed-source AuthBench folder, including sources that the current paper classifies as Tier B / manifest-only from a redistribution standpoint.

Release Summary

• Release mode: full
• Documents: 428,150
• Authors: 153,825
• Queries: 198,345
• Candidates: 229,805
• Ground-truth rows: 198,345
• Languages: 10

Included Sources

• amazon_multi: 4,924 documents
• arabic_poetry: 2,503 documents
• arxiv: 1,784 documents
• babel_briefings: 73,676 documents (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)
• blog_authorship: 22,494 documents
• douban: 10,424 documents
• exorde: 94,231 documents (MIT)
• french_pd_books: 8,761 documents (Public domain)
• german_pd: 8,400 documents (Public domain)
• hindi_discourse: 213 documents
• project_gutenberg: 18,739 documents
• russian_pd: 12,728 documents (Public domain)
• spanish_pd_books: 4,961 documents (Public domain)
• stackexchange: 4,651 documents (CC BY-SA (version depends on post date))
• wikisource: 78,984 documents
• xiaohongshu: 8,869 documents
• ytcomments: 71,808 documents

Excluded Sources

• None

Repository Layout

This dataset repository exposes four dataset configurations:

• documents: union of the query and candidate documents for each split
• queries: query-side records used for retrieval / verification evaluation
• candidates: candidate-side records used for retrieval / verification evaluation
• ground_truth: mapping from query_id to its same-author positive_ids

Each configuration has train, dev, and test splits.

Load with datasets

from datasets import load_dataset

documents = load_dataset("YOUR_HF_NAMESPACE/AuthBench", "documents", split="train")
queries = load_dataset("YOUR_HF_NAMESPACE/AuthBench", "queries", split="test")
candidates = load_dataset("YOUR_HF_NAMESPACE/AuthBench", "candidates", split="test")
ground_truth = load_dataset("YOUR_HF_NAMESPACE/AuthBench", "ground_truth", split="test")

Split Sizes

Split	Documents	Queries	Candidates	Ground Truth
train	342,519	156,335	186,184	156,335
dev	42,821	21,008	21,813	21,008
test	42,810	21,002	21,808	21,002

Schema

documents

{
  "doc_id": "mix_009328",
  "lang": "ar",
  "genre": "social_media/technology",
  "content": "...",
  "source": "exorde",
  "token_length": 51,
  "author_id": "...",
  "retrieval_role": "candidate",
  "phase": "phase1",
  "input_split": "dev",
  "input_doc_type": "query"
}

queries

{
  "query_id": "mix_009332",
  "lang": "ar",
  "genre": "social_media/entertainment",
  "content": "...",
  "source": "exorde",
  "token_length": 50,
  "retrieval_role": "query",
  "phase": "phase1",
  "input_split": "dev",
  "input_doc_type": "candidate"
}

candidates

{
  "candidate_id": "mix_009328",
  "lang": "ar",
  "genre": "social_media/technology",
  "content": "...",
  "source": "exorde",
  "token_length": 51,
  "author_id": "...",
  "retrieval_role": "candidate",
  "phase": "phase1",
  "input_split": "dev",
  "input_doc_type": "query"
}

ground_truth

{
  "query_id": "mix_009332",
  "positive_ids": ["mix_009328", "mix_009330", "mix_009329"],
  "author_id": "..."
}

Language Coverage

• en: 97,974 documents
• ru: 66,084 documents
• zh: 55,368 documents
• ar: 42,091 documents
• de: 39,813 documents
• ko: 33,881 documents
• es: 33,395 documents
• fr: 31,225 documents
• ja: 21,494 documents
• hi: 6,825 documents

Source Distribution

Source	Documents	Share
exorde	94,231	22.0%
wikisource	78,984	18.4%
babel_briefings	73,676	17.2%
ytcomments	71,808	16.8%
blog_authorship	22,494	5.3%
project_gutenberg	18,739	4.4%
russian_pd	12,728	3.0%
douban	10,424	2.4%
xiaohongshu	8,869	2.1%
french_pd_books	8,761	2.0%
german_pd	8,400	2.0%
spanish_pd_books	4,961	1.2%
amazon_multi	4,924	1.2%
stackexchange	4,651	1.1%
arabic_poetry	2,503	0.6%
arxiv	1,784	0.4%
hindi_discourse	213	0.0%

Primary Genre Distribution

Primary Genre	Documents	Share
social_media	174,908	40.9%
literature	128,395	30.0%
news	73,676	17.2%
blog	22,494	5.3%
media_reviews	10,424	2.4%
poetry	6,894	1.6%
ecommerce_reviews	4,924	1.2%
qna	4,651	1.1%
research_paper	1,784	0.4%

Licensing And Redistribution Notes

This release mixes upstream licenses and platform terms across both Tier A and Tier B sources. The paper explicitly recommends conservative manifest-only handling for several included sources. Do not treat this repository as a blanket relicensing of all component texts.

For the benchmark-wide source inventory and the Tier A / Tier B rationale, see:

• DATASET.md in the AuthBench repository
• paper/colm_latex.tex, especially the appendix licensing table

Caveats

• queries intentionally omit author_id; the supervision lives in ground_truth.
• documents are a convenience union of query and candidate records, not an additional split.
• input_split and input_doc_type refer to the record's origin before the final combined export.
• Source balance is intentionally skewed; the largest sources dominate the benchmark.

Citation

If you use AuthBench, cite the accompanying manuscript:

AuthBench: A Large-Scale Multilingual Benchmark for Authorship Representation across Genres and Lengths